Current trends in Mental health Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Current trends in Mental health - Assignment Example Before a discussion of the current topic can be started, it is important first to adequately define mental illness. Mental illness is defined by the Mental Health Act as a health condition which â€Å"changes a person’s thinking, feelings, or behaviour (or all three) and that causes the person distress and difficulty†. It also includes various health conditions which are defined by defects of the individual’s normal cognitive, emotional, and behavioural functions, and caused by social, genetic, and psychological factors, including infection or head trauma. Under the Care Programme Approach, these health conditions have to be adequately evaluated in the patient and a plan of care efficiently established. The current trend chosen by the author is the Care Programme Approach. The Care Programme Approach or the CPA was first established in England for individuals with mental illnesses, referred to psychiatric professionals. This programme requires Health Authorities, in coordination with Social Services Departments, to establish specific arrangements for the care of mentally ill patients in the community setting (CPA, 2011). This programme has four main considerations or aspects: assessment, a care plan, a key worker, and regular review (CPA, 2011). Assessment basically includes the orderly processes implemented in the assessment of the health needs of the individuals admitted with specialist mental health needs; a care plan includes the plan identified in relation to health social considerations; key workers are those who coordinate the plan and delivery of patient care; and finally, standard review is the standard and scheduled evaluation processes, as well as the changes needed in th e care plan. (CPA, 2011). Changes in the CPA came about in 2008, the CPA established a new approach in mental health care which described the approach used in secondary mental health care in order to assess, plan, and coordinate treatments and support needs for individuals in contact with secondary mental health services who have severe mental health issues (Department of Health, 2008a). It is considered an approach – more than a system – because the manner by which activities are carried out is as crucial as the actual activities themselves. New qualities of those who would need CPA support include those individuals: who require multi-agency support; active engagement, intense intervention; support with dual diagnosis; and those who have a higher risk for acquiring mental health issues (DoH, 2008a). This new trend abolished the two-tier system of Standard or Enhanced CPA and discarded the single-tier system. The main goals of this new trend were to eliminate or minimi ze bureaucracy by removing from the system those who did not have as many health needs. It also came about because the CPA used to include patients whose needs could be covered under standard care (treatment provided within secondary mental health services, for patients not requiring the support of the CPA). The new trend or provisions of the CPA established that CPA would no longer be used in order â€Å"to describe the usual system of provision of mental health services to those with more straightforward needs in secondary mental health services† (DoH, 2008a). In effect, in instances when the service user has specified needs and can contact one agency, then he must be allowed to do so and that agency would be considered responsible for him. No formal

Organizational Development Issue Walmarts Culture Research Paper

Organizational Development Issue Walmarts Culture - Research Paper Example   Walmart has had issues with its culture ever since the business started to make extremely high profits. The culture of the company is customer-focused and ensures that all customers are well taken care of. Such a culture faces the risk of neglecting its employees and failing to note the efforts they put in to ensure that the business continues to be successful and makes huge profits (Cheung-Judge & Holbeche, 2015). MethodologyThe identification of the issue of culture in Walmart was done by the use of surveys conducted in the various stores in a busy locality in the United States of America. Surveys were sent out via emails to various known shoppers and store attendants of Walmart to get their views and observations on the working environment and time of Walmart employees. A one-week observation was also done on one store to identify the opening and closing times, and the hours that a particular employee took working in the store per day.Discussion of the Collected DataFrom the o ne week observation, it was noted that the sample employee usually entered the store at 8 am and left for the night at 8 pm, with only a one-hour break at midday. This observation compliments the results of the surveys that employees work for up to 15 hours a day, with only a one-hour lunch break that is usually not enough for them to rest. They are required to get an overtime pay for the extra hours worked since the company only requires an attendant to put in 40 hours of work per week.  

Business, a Practical Introduction Essay Example for Free

Business, a Practical Introduction Essay 1. Scarcity increases the demand for a product, and increases the price that consumers are willing to pay for it. Scarcity of an item allows a seller to raise prices, while a surplus of an item means prices will decrease. 2. Macroeconomists would be concerned with issues such as job growth and unemployment, growth in industrial production, and the consumer price index. 3. Under a socialist economic system, businesses and industries can be state-owned or privately owned, depending on the country. 4. A downside to capitalism is the issue of income inequality. There is a considerable difference between the highest and lowest incomes, as indicated by the 2010 income information reported in the textbook for this course. Median pay for a chief executive of a company whose stock was listed on Standard and Poor’s index was $9 million. Median pay for private sector workers was $40,500. 5. The model of perfect competition was created by Adam Smith. According to Smith, in perfect competition, the market has many small sellers who sell interchangeable products to many informed buyers, and no seller is large enough to dictate the price of the product. 6. The term consumer sovereignty is the idea that consumers influence the marketplace through the decisions of which products they choose to buy or not to buy. 7. The business cycle runs through a pattern of expansion, peak, contraction, and trough. Expansion, when economic activity speeds up, is triggered by a rise in investment spending, government spending, or exports. 8. Deflation is defined as a general decline in the prices of most goods and services. 9. An economic bubble is a situation in which prices for securities, especially stocks, rise far above their actual value. 10. TARP is the Troubled Assets Relief Program, signed into law in October 2008. This $700 billion program was created to purchase bank assets in order to strengthen the financial sector. This was outgoing President Bush’s last â€Å"screw you† to the people of America. It might have worked to stabilize the banks if the amount was double, and if it offered relief to businesses as well.

Our freedom to make ethical choices is only an apparent freedom Essay Example for Free

Our freedom to make ethical choices is only an apparent freedom Essay Agent Smyth: Why, Mr. Anderson? Why do you do it? Why get up? Why keep fighting? Do you believe youre fighting for something? For more than your survival? Can you tell me what it is? Do you even know? Is it freedom? Or truth? Perhaps peace? Yes? No? Could it be for love? Illusions, Mr. Anderson. Vagaries of perception. The temporary constrects of a feeble human intellect trying to desperately to justify an existence that is without meaning or purpose. And all of them as artificial as the Matrix itself, although only a human mind could invent something as insipid as love. You must be able to see it, Mr. Anderson. You must know it by now. You cant win. Its pointless to keep fighting. Why, Mr. Anderson? Why? Why do you persist?! Neo: Because I choose to. In every person the most basic desire of all is to be free, being able to act at will, not under compulsion or restraint. As I democratic society, we like to think of ourselves of being 100% free, but we are not. In every choice we make there are compulsions and restraints inflicting on the choices we have ever made from the beginning. The older and more independent we appear to be the more of these constraints we are compelled with. These choices we make can be applied to morality. There are many ways in which our freedom, in reality, is limited. By law we are restricted to acts that systems of government deem acceptable. Social acceptance means the majority to act within a bracket of normality and within bounds of what is socially acceptable. If I wanted to go to school naked on every Friday I would socially and lawfully be unable to this. Therefore I am not free to express myself due to external laws forced upon me against my free will. However even though these laws are in place I still have the power to break them therefore making me free. Merovingian: Please Mon Cherie, I have told you, we are all victims of causality. I drank too much wine, I must take a piss. Cause, and effect. Au revoir. Causality also means that I a person can never truly become free. If I already know the consequences of an action then my choice has already confined. For example I would like to throw microwaves off motorway bridges but I know that this may cause innocent motorists to die therefore I dont. The mind with which we make our decisions has been influenced by a whole range of external factors. These must reduce our moral responsibility and hence be restricting of true freedom. Personal and psychological differences within people will provide them with different abilities and hence different freedoms and limitations. People can only act in the way that their personalities allow them, by causing them to react to situations in a specific way. But what if free will is non-existent and we are only convinced we have self-control because devices in fact control us beyond our own perception. In this case everything is pre determined and the choices we face are pre decided for us leaving us with the illusion that we have chosen ourselves and decided our own fate; exercised free will. Morpheus: Everything begins with choice. Merovingian: No, wrong. Choice is an illusion created between those with power, and those without Hard determinism, considers everything in the present to be directly caused by events that preceded them. Everything including the actions we take and the choices we make are caused directly by another event. Each human mind is the product of its experiences and in every situation will react according to what it has learnt, in a similar way to a computer that has been programmed. However this links back with responsibility, if a human was already pre destined to perform a certain task they should receive no praise for correctness in taking the action, as what they have done was done not out of free will, but because they were programmed, or already decided. The action says nothing about the moral worth of the person as it had an external cause, and was not done through free will and intention. The hard determinist view that everything is decided by a constant line of causes, and that humans are not free simply because every thing we supposedly decide is already caused and so determined, ultimately means that human free will is an illusion. Free will is something we feel we experience when making decisions and choosing but is really non-existent, the actions we partake in are already set and what we feel we decide is irrelevant to anything that actually happens. For example if I sat down in a room I would be free to step out of until I realised the door was locked. I am free to make this choice but when but my choice is irrelevant as I unable to do anything about it. Determinism removes this moral responsibility and so removes ethical decisions. However with freedom comes responsibility. Libertarianism presents the opposite idea that we are completely free therefore giving people total moral responsibility. The existence of human free will are largely based on the defined different between ones personality and ones moral self. While we have a sense of freedom, a sense deliberating over our options. Because of this, they would argue that universal causation is not necessarily relevant to human actions. They do not deny any influence to the human mind that could have an effect on the way in which one might act, but they claim that there is still a large aspect of freedom of choice involved. Oracle: Bingo! It is a pickle, no doubt about it. Bad news is theres no way if you can know whether Im really here to help you or not. So its really up to you. You just have to make up your own dam mind to either accept what Im going to tell you or reject it. Candy? Neo: Do you already know if Im going to take it? Oracle: Wouldnt be much of an Oracle if I didnt. Neo: But if you already know, how can I make a choice? Oracle: Because you didnt come here to make the choice, youve already made it. Youre here to understand why you made it. I thought youdve figured that out by now. Neo: Why are you here? Oracle: Same reason. I love candy. Libertarians views are idealistic they provides to us with the ultimate goal of being totally free. But if take this freedom then we should also be prepared to accept the responsibility that comes hand to hand with. For example if I allow my son to watch pornography involving a 15 year old and he turns out to be a paedophile than I would be totally to blame for these consequences. As with all workable theories finding the right balance is essential. Soft determinism is the third deterministic view and one where determinism and free will are completely compatible. It describes that we are morally responsible for our action although some are determined. Therefore the decisions we are free and able to make in our own minds count as the causes by which everything is made to occur. The midway position suggests that some of our actions are conditioned while others have a complex number of causes. For example there could be a number of reason why someone does not eat food, whether it be a diet, religious beliefs, famine or lack of money. Real freedom, in the question seems to suggest the freedom to take these fully conscious, and reasoned ethical decisions without relying a higher power. To conclude I believe that as human beings we are not free. Our behaviour and morals will always be determined social acceptance, laws, causality, and upbringing. However we have the power in ourselves to break down these constraints and become free, if a door is locked then break it down, if I want to throw microwaves of motorways then I will do so. When we become totally free this leads to anarchy and chaos. When it comes down to it is not a case of whether we are free or not it is whether we choose to be. Architect: Precisely. As you are undoubtedly gathering, the anomaly is systemic, creating fluctuations in even the most simplistic equations. TV Screens: You cant control me! Im gonna smash you to f***ing bits, Im gonna show you, you cant make me do anything. Neo: Choice, the problem is choice

Poetic Devices And Analysis

Poetic Devices And Analysis Poetry is a form of literature that expresses and individuals thoughts and feelings that are put into words illustrating vivid images. E. E. Cummings is a poet who writes in a manner of originality and excitement. Two of his well-known and thoroughly studied poems are Somewhere I have Never Travelled and Pity This Busy Monster, where poetry is written with expressive metaphors and similes, a vivid persona being revealed and a difference in environments being pleasant and harsh. This essay depicts poetic devices of metaphors, persona, euphony and cacophony. Poetic devices are important for analysis and to interpret the message of the poem by the audience that the speaker is trying to describe and illustrate. E.E. Cummings uses many comparative terms to express his deepest feelings and thoughts through his poetry. In the poem Somewhere I have never Travelled contains many metaphoric phrases and similies to describe the emotions behind his poem. In the first stanza and the first line of the poem, the word travelled (603) is metaphoricaly used to explain a journey the speaker is experiencing especially a positive one that is decribed by the word gladly (603). In the phrase, your eyes have their silence (603) the speaker is referring to another person whose eyes show no expression of love or interest, just as silence is an absence of communication. The metaphoric phrase, in your most frail gensture are things which enclose me, or which I cannot touch because they are too near (603), descrives the feelings the speaker has created towards this woman by her actions and gestures, but prevent him from opening up to her, portrayed by the word enclose (603). He feels like he cannot be open with thi s woman because she has not showed the same true, passionate feelings he has for her. By the end of the first stanza, there contains many metaphors expressing the theme of love to this woman, especially the real journey the speaker takes through this womans eyes. In the second and third stanzas, similes are used to compare his love to this woman with nature. Firstly, your slightest look easily will unclose me though I have closed myself as fingers, (603) begins to depict the feelings of him holding back his feelings, just as fingers are tightly closed into a fist. The speaker also starts to express his feelings of this woman through a rose, your open always petal by petal myself as Spring opens (touching skillfully, mysteriously) her first rose (603). He describes this woman being a beautiful wonder, for as time goes by the woman slowly reveals herself to him and he loves even more. In the final stanza the speaker states not even the rain, has such small hands (604). Rain has such a huge impact on earth, even it being the smallest in size. Rain can shape rocks, can form mountains and works slowly but leaves wondrous effects. The speaker personifies rain as having hands, being small but having so much influence. This leads to the character of the woman having such a great influence and impact to the speakers life and emotions. Looking through all the metaphors, all her slightest glances and frail gestures are things which are changing him in a way that is so extraordinary, just as rain has a powerful influence on the world. In Somewhere I have never travelled, the poems persona is portrayed as a humble man in love. The humility is shown by the lack of capitalization, specifically in the pronoun, I, which supports the speakers extreme devotion to his lover. By rejecting the pronoun, the speaker assumes a casual humbleness and modesty. He is totally giving away any power he has over himself, even his life and death, to his beloved. He is so submissive and meek that he does not capitalize any of the words throughout the entire poem. The speaker does not want to call attention to any particular part in the poem, hence the lack of capitalization. He wants the audience to understand the passion and beauty of love he has for this woman. All throughout the poem, the poetic device euphony is emphasized. Euphony is referred as a pleasant spoken sound that is depicted and laid out by the audience. He uses nature as an image to portray the loving atmosphere that is being delivered. Simple and elegant words like rose or Spring (603) are soothing words that describe a new beginning or experience for nature, but can be personified to describe a person you find a new journey with. He uses sensual words to describe his feelings of excitement and happinss such as slightest look or touching skillfully (603). These words depict the feelings and emotions that arise from her natural movements. The speaker also describes his love so pleasantly through body parts with words like eyes or heart (603) that are words that significantly reflect love and affection. The most affectionate phrase that reflects a positive atmosphere of love and care is only something in me understands the voice of your eyes is deeper than all roses (603). Thi s phrase allows the audience to understand that no one sees anything as deep and as far as what the speaker sees in this woman. Many roses catch many peoples eyes and attention to be elegant and beautiful, but this woman is way more extravagant then that. The poem Pity This Busy Monster also lays out thoughts and feelings of society through many metaphors but no prominent similes. The most relevant is pity this Busy Monster, manunkind, not (606), which implies to reveal sympathy to humankind represented as monsters. Humankind has led lives of comfort and reliability on technology and new inventions that has allowed our everyday routines to be easier. The newly formed term manunkind (606) is referring to the opposite definition of mankind. The speaker is describing manunkind (606) as humanity being hectic and strenuous. It is quite evident that the speaker has a negative outlook on humanity and the actions humanity has taken to make life comfortable. Through this line alone, the speaker is explaining how every aspect of an individuals le that interacts with technology has turned them into a monster. However, by the end of the line the speaker states not because he wants the audience to understand that there is no reason to take pity on humankind, when we have turned to technology for assistance in our lives. Through this metaphor, the main theme of humanity is revealed and explored. Another important metaphor that is expressed is we doctors know a hopeless case (606. This illustrates that doctors are representing humans and society, by this we all are aware of the fact that leading out lives in such a manner results at a point where it would be incredibly difficult to change back to ways before technology came into play. The persona of this particular poem is the speaker portraying hatred and disappointment towards society and humankind. Throughout this poem the speaker does not refer to himself personally, through the pronoun I or me, but included himself through the pronoun we (606). The speaker is considering themselves to be part of this inadequate and victimized society. The speaker wants the audience to recognize that the poem is not pertaining to the speaker directly, but what the speaker feels humanity has turned into. The speaker also uses the term monster (606), which is personified to be dangerous and scary. This reveals the level of the speakers thoughts and feelings on what technology and other entities humanity has turned to in order to make their lives content. By the use of words and terms in this poem, the speaker exposes a device known as cacophony. Cacophony means to be harsh sounding and this is vividly illustrated throughout this poem. With words like monster, disease, victim, and even hell (606) expose feelings of danger and being afraid. Monster is used in the title and in the first line of the poem, to allow the audience to be afraid of what this speaker is about to reveal. A disease is something humanity gets exposed to and effects an individuals well being. The speaker is reflecting on the fact that technology is affecting peoples everyday lives and health. Additionally, the word victim expresses an individual in danger and has been put into danger by a criminal, referred to in the poem as technology. Finally, the word hell is implied to a place of fire, damage and destruction. The speaker is expressing his fear of what technology and what society has turned to depend on to destroy our lives. All these words conclude to one surro unding environment of negativity and destruction. Interpretation of poetry comes from understanding the metaphors that are written, the persona the poet is writing in and the environment sounding of the poem, whether it is pleasant or harsh. Both poems by E. E. Cummings reveals these poetic devices in great emphasize for the audience to comprehend. The speakers in both poems were discovered to be two different individuals with various thoughts, one being in love and the other disappointed in societies dependence on technology. The use of metaphors and similes has assisted in appreciating the reasoning behind writing the poems. Euphony and cacophony describe the sound of the poems that are explicitly illustrated. Interpreting the feelings love and the unkind thoughts towards society has helped the audience to understand other peoples perspective on situations that arise in our daily lives.

Strategic Bombing During World War 2 :: World War II History

Strategic Bombing During World War 2 "World War 2 was a war fought in two distinct phases. The first was the last war of a new generation. The second was emphatically the first of a new era" . "The British strategic bomber campaign was of doubtful cost effectiveness" . Bomber Command was by far the largest claimant on labour and factory space within the armed forces. Relative to their size they suffered more casualties than any other sector. The Anglo-American bomber force was divided in terms of strategy. Bomber Command believed it was too risky to bomb by day, while the Americans believed it was too difficult to bomb by night. Initially both forces lacked accurate navigational equipment, which deterred them from precision bombing. Germany developed a 'night fighter' force to counteract the bomber fleet. They were equipped with an on board radar, which enabled them to locate the bombers in the darkness. The German industry was sub-divided in an attempt to minimise the effectiveness of bombing raids. Both the Britain and Germany made substantial scientific developments throughout the course of the war. Prior to the development of the Lancaster, the British Air Force lacked a long-range bomber, capable of carrying substantial bomb loads. Wattson Watt foresaw the need for an early detection system; he developed the 'Radiolocation' system, which alerted Britain to invading forces. The German Air Force developed an on board radar, called the 'Metric system', which was equipped to German night fighters. Bomber Harris believed in the theory of 'carpet bombing'. Nick named 'butcher Harris'; he was known as the man who supported such campaigns as Dresden. He believed in breaking the morale of the German people. The strategic bombing campaign significantly shortened the length of the war. It disabled the production industry and weakened the German morale. Between Jan. 12-23 of 1943 President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill meet at Casablanca, to plan the 'future global military strategy for the Western Allies'. The work of the conference was primarily military; deciding on the invasion of Silicy, apportioning forces to the Pacific theatre and outlining major lines of attack in the Far East. Most important of all was Roosevelt's claims for the "unconditional surrender" from Germany, Italy, and Japan. Hamburg was largely responsible for the production of German U-boats. Subsequently it was the target of numerous air raids. In an attempt to protect the fragile industry, three huge anti-aircraft artilleries were built.

College Student Essay -- essays research papers

Throughout life people are faced with a variety of hurdles. How they choose to overcome these hurdles determines whether they become successful or not, it would be nice if there was an instruction manual to tell one how to be successful, how to overcome these hurdles. One of the most difficult hurdles facing people today is college. Often times people go into college with their eyes closed tightly, meaning they are totally unprepared for what lye’s ahead. There are a variety of aspects that determine whether students are successful in college. Meeting basic requirements to enter college, selecting the right courses, learning how to study on the college level, and managing time are all key factors in becoming a successful college student. To enroll in college, one must first meet the basic requirements of that institution. Requirements for some colleges are more difficult than others. To be successful in college, one must choose a college in which they meet the basic requirements. For almost all academically based colleges, a basic requirement is a high school diploma or G.E.D. Some colleges base acceptance on the students high school grade point average. Colleges with difficult admission requirements are looking not only for a student with a good grade point average, but are also looking for a well rounded individual. This basically means that not only are the admissions people looking for above average grades, but they are also looking for outside of school or extracurricul...